That's okay! When we started building EIRSAT-1 we didn't understand any of that stuff either!Īs we developed the EIRSAT-1 Ground Station, we relied heavily on GNU Radio and in particular, the excellent gr-satellites module. Note that this is similar to the CCSDS specification but the second polynominal is not inverted as it should be in the CCSDS spec. The polynomials used in the encoding are. Convolutional encoding improves the Bit Error Rate but halves the data throughput, so once the link budget has been demonstrated to have positive margin on orbit, convolutional encoding will be disabled. This means that EIRSAT-1 transmits a CCSDS-standard 4-byte ASM (Attached Synchronisation Marker) of 1ACFFC1D, followed by the 892 bytes of the CCSDS frame, followed by 128 bytes of Reed-Solomon Forward Error Correcting bytes, for a total of 1024 bytes.ĮIRSAT-1 also supports convolutional (also known as Viterbi) encoding and will launch with this enabled. A CCSDS scrambler is used on the frame and Reed-Solomon bytes to help clock-recovery of the signal on the ground. The frames are 892 bytes long but are Reed-Solomon encoded with a dual basis and an interleaving depth of 4. Downlinked data is made up of PUS (Packet Utilisation Standard) packets contained in CCSDS (Consultative Committee on Space Data Systems) frames. The downlink is GMSK modulated at a data rate of 9600bps. This frequency has been coordinated by the International Amateur Radio Union. You could express this in German with the phrases Das gibt’s doch gar nicht (roughly, ‘That can’t be real’) or Das kann ja nicht wahr sein (‘That can’t be true’).EIRSAT-1 Beacons (and other data) DownlinkĮIRSAT-1 downlinks data to Earth in the UHF amateur band at 437.1 MHz. In this case, we’re not really asking for clarification, but expressing that we don’t understand how something came to be. Kannst du das bitte weiter erklären? (informal) / Könnten Sie das bitte weiter erklären? – Could you please explain that further? I don’t understand: disbeliefįinally, there are times when we say ‘I don’t understand’ as a means of expressing disbelief, shock, or confusion. You could then ask the follow-up question: Was meinst du damit? (informal) / Was meinen Sie damit? (formal) – What do you mean by that? Was sagst du genau? (informal) / Was sagen Sie genau? (formal) – What are you saying, exactly? Ich verstehe nicht, was das mit mir zu tun hat – I don’t understand what that’s got to do with me Ich verstehe nicht, was du von mir willst (informal) / Ich verstehe nicht, was Sie von mir wollen (formal) – I don’t understand what you want from me. Ich verstehe nicht, was du meinst (informal) / Ich verstehe nicht, was Sie meinen (formal) – I don’t understand what you mean. Ich verstehe nicht viel davon – I don’t understand much about it. There are lots of ways you can express this, but here are a few examples: This is for when you comprehend the words that’ve been said, but there’s something you don’t understand about the subject matter, or what’s being asked of you. Photo by LinkedIn Sales Solutions on Unsplash I don’t understand: I need clarification Könnten Sie das bitte wiederholen? – Could you repeat that, please? (formal) Kannst du das bitte wiederholen? – Could you repeat that, please? (informal) You can then follow up with a request for the person to repeat what they’ve said: I’m sorry- I don’t understand what you’re saying. Tut mir Leid- ich verstehe nicht, was du sagst. If you like, you can preface these with the words ‘Tut mir Leid’ – ‘I’m sorry’, for example: Ich verstehe nicht, was Sie sagen – I don’t understand what you’re saying (formal- for people you don’t know, managers, authority figures etc.) Ich verstehe nicht, was du sagst – I don’t understand what you’re saying (informal- for people you know, friends, family etc.) If you want to express that it’s the meaning of the words, specifically, that you don’t understand – either because of lack of comprehension, or because the environment you’re in is noisy and you can’t hear well, for instance – try this: If in doubt, you can use this for any situation. The general way of saying ‘I don’t understand’ is ich verstehe nicht. Similar verbs are begreifen (to grasp) and kapieren (to ‘get it’ – this one is informal compared to the others!). Sie/sie verstehen – You (formal)/they understand The main verb you need for this is verstehen.Here is the verb verstehen in the present tense:Įr/sie/es versteht – He/she/it understands Photo by Tim Gouw on Unsplash To understand: verstehen
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |